本文主要介绍Nginx在linux下的安装与设置。 Nginx是一个高性能的web反向代理服务器,详情参考nginx官网 ,中文文档 。
1、准备工作 选首先安装这几个软件:GCC,PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expression),zlib,OpenSSL。 Nginx是C写的,需要用GCC编译;Nginx的Rewrite和HTTP模块会用到PCRE;Nginx中的Gzip用到zlib; 用命令# gcc,查看gcc是否安装;如果出现gcc: no input files信息,说明已经安装好了。 否则,就需要用命令# yum install gcc,进行安装了!一路可能需要多次输入y,进行确认。 安装好后,可以再用命令#gcc测试,或者用命令# gcc -v查看其版本号。 同样方法,用如下命令安装PCRE,zlib,OpenSSL(其中devel,是develop开发包的意思):
1 2 3 # yum install -y pcre pcre-devel # yum install -y zlib zlib-devel # yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
2、下载并安装 创建目录(nginx-src)并进去;然后,从nginx官网 下载,解压,配置,编译,安装:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 # mkdir nginx-src && cd nginx-src # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz # tar xzf nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.7.3 # ./configure # make # make install # whereis nginx nginx: /usr/local/nginx
默认的安装路径为:/usr/local/nginx;跳转到其目录下sbin路径下,便可以启动或停止它了。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 # ./nginx -h nginx version: nginx/1.7.3 Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives] Options: -?,-h : this help -v : show version and exit -V : show version and configure options then exit -t : test configuration and exit -q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing -s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload -p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/) -c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf) -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
启动:nginx 停止:nginx -s stop
3、添加到系统服务 使用命令# vi /etc/init.d/nginx,打开编辑器,输入如下内容:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 #!/bin/sh # chkconfig: 2345 85 15 # Startup script for the nginx Web Server # description: nginx is a World Wide Web server. # It is used to serve HTML files and CGI. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DESC="nginx deamon" NAME=nginx DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME test -x $DAEMON || exit 0 d_start(){ $DAEMON || echo -n "already running" } d_stop(){ $DAEMON -s quit || echo -n "not running" } d_reload(){ $DAEMON -s reload || echo -n "can not reload" } case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME" d_start echo "." ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME" d_stop echo "." ;; reload) echo -n "Reloading $DESC conf..." d_reload echo "reload ." ;; restart) echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME" d_stop sleep 2 d_start echo "." ;; *) echo "Usage: $ScRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac exit 0
保存退出后,再使用下面的命令,使其可执行;然后,添加配置并查看。 可用chkconfig修改其值,也可用ntsysv工具改变是否自启动。
1 2 3 4 5 # chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx # chkconfig --add nginx # chkconfig nginx on/off # chkconfig --list nginx nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off